Diabetes
It is a chronic health condition that affects the way the cells of the body receive glucose or the amount of insulin secreted by the pancreas, which leads to an abnormally high or low level of sugar in the blood.

To prevent diabetes: There is no way to prevent type 1 diabetes, but type 2 diabetes can be prevented by:

Increase physical activity.

The following suggestions can help you increase your physical activity:

  • Choose a favorite sport, which can be practiced.
  • Find a suitable time to exercise.
  • Brisk walking for at least 30 out of 5 times a week is a good exercise option.
  • Start with 10 minutes on the first day, then increase to 20 the next day, and so on.
  • Wear appropriate shoes designed for exercise.
  • Exercising with a family member or friend.

Healthy diet:

Less saturated fat.

  • Eat fish and meat that is baked, grilled, or stewed rather than fried.
  • Use fat-free or low-fat salad dressing, mayonnaise, and ghe.
  • Use healthy vegetable oils such as olive oil.

Less sugar.

  • Reduce your intake of soft drinks.
  • Drink water instead of sweetened juices.
  • Replace sugar with natural sweeteners such as natural honey.

Gestational Diabetes

  • It is diabetes that is diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy.
  • There are no clear symptoms of gestational diabetes that a pregnant woman can notice.
  • Your blood sugar returns to normal after giving birth, but in some cases gestational diabetes may turn into type 2 diabetes.
  • Gaining excess weight during pregnancy is normal, however rapid and fast weight gain may increase the risk of gestational diabetes.


    Factors that increase your risk of gestational diabetes:

  • Being overweight or obese.
  • Lack of physical activity.
  • Have previously "pre-diabetes" or gestational diabetes.
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome.
  • A family member has diabetes.
  • Had baby weighing more than 4 kg was born before.


    Complications for a baby born to a mother with gestational diabetes:
  • Early birth.
  • Breathing difficulties.
  • Weight gain at birth, sometimes requiring a cesarean delivery.
  • Low blood sugar.
Screening for gestational diabetes:

The screening is usually done during the second trimester of pregnancy (between the 24-28 week) of pregnancy. In the case of a pregnant woman is overweight or obese and has a first-degree relative with diabetes, the examination may be carried out at the first pregnancy visit.



    Treatment:

  • Lifestyle change by encouraging women to eat healthy foods and stay physically active
  • Monitor blood sugar.
  • In some cases through medications.


    Prevention of gestational diabetes:

  • Losing excess weight before planning pregnancy.
  • Exercising, such as walking, for at least 30 minutes at least 3-4 times a week.
  • Eat healthy foods rich in vegetables and fruits,high-fiber, low-fat foods.


FAQ

1. How do I manage my ABCs?
A: Get a regular A1C test to measure your average blood sugar over 2 to 3 months.
B: Try to keep your blood pressure below 140/90 mm Hg (or the target your doctor sets).
C: Control your cholesterol levels.
s: Stop smoking or don’t start.
Keeping your ABC numbers close to target levels can lower your risk of long-term health problems. Ask your health care team to help you set personal targets.
2. How will I know if my medicines are working?
Are your ABC numbers close to or at your target levels?
If the answer is yes, then your medicines and efforts are working. Keep up the good work!
If the answer is no, then meet with your health care team to see if your treatment plan needs to be changed. Be sure to take all of your medicines and blood sugar records when you meet with your care team. Bring prescription and over-the-counter medicines.
3. When can I learn more about how to manage my diabetes?
The best times for diabetes education and support are:
When you’re first diagnosed with diabetes.
Once a year when you review your educational, nutritional, and emotional needs.
When new complications come up—for example, changes in your physical or emotional health or financial needs.
During changes in your care—for example, changes to your health care team, treatment plan, or living situation.
4.What vaccines should I have?
Getting vaccinated is an important part of staying healthy, especially when you have diabetes. That’s because people with diabetes have a higher risk of serious health problems that vaccines can prevent. Ask your Doctor what vaccines you need and when.
5.When should I schedule health care appointments?
  • See your regular health care team twice a year or more.
  • See an eye doctor, foot doctor, and dentist once a year or more.
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